Sacred rituals, the religious part

 Half of the pilgrims usually visit the Prophet's Mosque in the holy city of Medina and then move to Mina, located about 7 kilometers east of Mecca, where they spend the first day of the "hach" , called "Al Taruia" " (quench thirst), time spent praying, reading and reciting the Qur'an (holy book of Islam) or discussing religious matters. The pilgrims will remain there before heading the next day to Mount Arafat, about 20 kilometers east of Mina, where midday and afternoon prayers are held.
 Then there will be the rite of going around the "Kaaba" seven times , the cubicle where the black stone is found that the Muslims consider a piece of paradise, and finally they climb Mount Arafat. There, dressed in simple white clothes without seams, they perform the Wuquf ritual(standing), which consists of reflecting and making supplications to God, from dawn to sunset, on the mountain where the Muslim tradition relates that the prophet Muhammad delivered his last sermon fourteen centuries ago. Before sunset they must leave the place to go to Muzdalifa, where they spend the night and collect pebbles for the next day. Back in Mecca, the pilgrims must complete the second phase of the stoning of the devil in Mina and take seven more laps as a farewell to the "Kaaba". The pilgrimage ends with the feast of sacrifice, known as "Aid al Adha"in Arabic, considered one of the most important in the Muslim calendar. Muslims slaughter lambs - and other cattle like cows and camels - at dawn to recall the biblical passage according to which Abraham offered God the life of his firstborn son, who according to Islamic tradition was not Isaac but Ishmael and whose line is believed that the Arabs descend.

 The pilgrimage to Mecca is one of the five pillars of Islam, together with the "shahada" (profession of faith), almsgiving, prayer and fasting in the month of Ramadan.
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